HOW ELECTRIC CARS WORK?

Electric cars are in buzz now in days. It is sees as replacement of petrol and diesl cars which produces enormous amount of pollution mainly carbon. As number of vehicles increasing day by day it can be a threat to environment.. Apart from that conventional cars works on fuel which is limited in nature, scarcity in near future also can be biggest problem for nations. Electric cars are move along in road ways by no burning fuel hence less carbon pollution and noise pollution. To overcome this situation , electric cars can be a great alternative , as it operates on battery mechanism so there will be less pollution and environment friendly especially in city as well.

How do electric car work?

Electric cars works on reachable battery that poerws an electric motor. It run faster that conventional fuel engine cars so it is light to drive. Electric cars battery can be recharged by plugging into a charging staion that draws electricity from the grid once it battery is consumed. The electric motor draws energy from a controller . electric cars use energy stored in their reachargble battery ,which can recharge by electricity.

Are electric cars dc or ac?

The battery traction present in electric cars store power in DC but motor needs AC supply to spin the armature hence for movement of wheels. So a inverter is there which convert DC supply from battery to AC supply for the motor.

How electric cars charged?

Electric cars also known as EV cars contains rechargeable battery which can be charged by in the same way laptop or smartphones devices . However , charging station built especially for charging electric vehicles from where they can be charged in lessees time once they depleted.

Components of electric cars?

Main components are of Ev cars are as follow

  • Traction battery –An electric vehicle battery also known as traction battery. It powers the electric motor . electric motor draws energy from controller which control the amount of powrs based on use of the accelerator .these battery are normally lithium ion battery which is rechargable as smartphones devices.
  • Electric motor-The electric motor used in ev cars is D.C (Direct current) type. The D.C motor mechanism is as when current is passed through circuit , so there is reaction in the field which cause armature to move . here circuit is connected in series circuit.
  • DC/DC converter– The function of DC converter is to convert high voltage DC power from traction battery to low voltage DC power to necessary vehicle accessories.
  • Controllers-it works as a regulator in EV cars.  It distributed energy to electric motor as requirement. So main input is pedal so a user accelerates or retard depend on that it gives energy to electric motors.
  • Charging port-The charging port allows  traction battery to fetch power from external source of supply.

Types of electric cars

  • Battery electric vehicle(BEV)-it runs entirely on battery. Electricity is stored in large battery that can be recharge but plugin to external source of power supply. Some of BEV cars are Volkswagen eglof,bmwi3,tesla model 3.

 

  • Hybrid electric vehicle-(HEV)-these types of cars are often called parallel hybrid vehicles. These types of cars have both internal combustion engine and motor . engine gets energy from fuel whereas motor get powered by battery. There is no charging port in hev cars so battery cannot be charged by external power suppy.
    Some of hev cars are Honda civic hybrid, Toyota Prius hybrid, Toyota Camry hybrid.

 

  • Plugin hybrid electric vehicle(PHEV)-these types of cars have both ic engine and motor. Engine get energy from fuel and motor gets power from rechargable battery . battery can be charged electrically.
    Some of PHEV cars are Audi a3 e torn, Ford c-max energi, Mercedes Benz c350e.

 

  • Fuel cell electric vehicle(FCEV)- it is also known as zero ignition vehicle. These types of cars that employ fuel cell technology to generate the electricity required to run a vehicle.
    In this chemical energy of the fuel is directly converted to electric energy.
    Some of FCEV are Toyota mirai,Hundai tuscon,Hundai clarity fuel cell.

Advantage of Electric(EV) cars-

  • Environment friendly- the biggest advantage of electric cars are they have environment friendly
    As they don’t have any exhaust system there will be no carbon pollution and less noise pollution than conventional fuel cars.
  • Cost effective- Its no brainer that electricity is cheaper than fuel. One can generate electricity by installing solar panel in his home and charge electric vehicle.
  • Low maintenance-Electric cars don’t run on oil hence there is no need to change oil change as in fuel cars. Moreover to that they have less components than fuel cars ,therefore maintenance will be less.

Takeaway

Today world is fighting with air pollution and noise pollution. Governments encouraging clean energy resources in order to prevent these . Electric cars can be a game changer for this as it has zero ignition and less noise pollution . Other than this conventional fuel cars uses petrol, diesel or gas which is natural source of energy and limited in amount. Whereas electricity cost Is much cheaper than any fuel. But now a days cost of electric cars are a bit higher and not enough charging station have been installed yet. If companies and government both together addresses and solve these issue we can predict a great future of electric cars.

F.A.Q

  • Is electric cars have gear box?
    They have just one gear.
  • How much time it will take to charge an electric car?
    It varies from model to model but ,it can take 60 minutes to 24 hours to charge.
  • Can we charge electric cars at home?
    Yes, electric cars can be charged from house electricity.
  • Do electric cars need oil?
    No, They don’t need oil as need in conventional fuel cars.
  • Do electric cars have exhaust?
    No, There is zero ignition takes place in electric cars so no exhaust .